2^nd World Congress on Molecular Genetics and Gene Therapy July 03-04, 2017 Bangkok, Thailand

Track 2 : Genetic Engineering

The genetic engineering is also called as genetic modification. It is the direct manipulation of an organism's of genome by using biotechnology. It is a set of technologies used to change the genetic makeup of the cell and including the transfer of genes across species boundaries to produce improved novel organisms. Genes may be removed, or "knocked out", using a nuclease. Gene is targeting  a different technique that uses homologous recombination to change an endogenous gene, and this can be used to delete a gene, remove exons, add a gene, or to introduce genetic mutations.  Genetic engineering does not normally include traditional animal and plant breeding, in vitro fertilization, induction of polyploidy, mutagenesis and cell fusion techniques that do not use recombinant nucleic acids or a genetically modified organism in the process.

Track 3 : Cell Gene Therapy

Cell therapy is also called cellular therapy or Cyto therapy , in which cellular material is injected into patient this generally means intact, living cells. The first category is cell therapy in mainstream medicine. This is the subject of intense research and the basis of potential therapeutic benefit.  Such research can be controversial when it involves human embryonic material.The second category is in alternative medicine, and perpetuates the practice of injecting animal materials in an attempt to cure disease. Gene therapy is the therapeutic delivery of nucleic acid polymers into a patient's cells as a drug to treat disease. Gene therapy is a way to fix a genetic problem at its source. The polymers are either translated into proteins, interfere with target gene expression, or possibly correct genetic mutations. The most common form uses DNA that encodes a functional, therapeutic gene to replace a mutated gene. The polymer molecule is packaged within a "vector", which carries the molecule inside cells. The vector incorporates genes into chromosomes. The expressed nucleases then knock out and replace genes in the chromosome. The Center for Cell and Gene Therapy conducts research into numerous diseases, including but not limited to Pediatric Cancer, HIV glioma and Cardiovascular disease.

Track 4 : Cell Cancer Immunotherapy

Immunology deals with the biological and biochemical basis for the body's defense against germs such as bacteria, virus and mycosis (fungal infections) as well as foreign agents such as biological toxins and environmental pollutants, and failures and malfunctions of these defence mechanisms. Apart from these external effects on the organism, there are also defence reactions regarding the body’s own cells, e.g. in the scope of the bodily reactions on cancer and the lacking reaction of a body on healthy cells in the scope of an immune-mediated disease.Immunogenetics is the branch of medical research that explores the relationship between the immune system and genetics. Autoimmune diseases, such as type 1 diabetes are complex genetic traits which result from defects in the immune system. Identification of genes defining the immune defects may identify new target genes for therapeutic approaches. The genes of an organism (strands of DNA) the transfer of genes from the parent to child generation of an organism in the scope of possible variations are the basis of genetics.This is done both on a microscopic and molecular level it encompasses prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells. Knowing the components of cells and how the cells work is fundamental to all biological sciences; it is also essential for research in bio-medical fields such as cancer, and other diseases. Research in the cell biology is closely related to genetics, biochemistry, molecular biology, immunology, and developmental biology.

Track 5 : Clinical Genetics

Clinical genetics is the practice of clinical medicine with particular attention to the hereditary disorders. Referrals are made to genetics clinics for the variety of reasons, including birth defects, developmental delay, autism, epilepsy, and many others. In the United States, physicians who practice clinical genetics are accredited by the American Board of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ABMGG). In order to become a board-certified practitioner of a Clinical Genetics, a physician must complete   minimum of 24 months of his training in a program accredited by the ABMGG. Individual seeking acceptance into clinical genetics training programs and should  hold an M.D. or D.O. degree (or their equivalent)and he/she have completed a minimum of 24 months of their training in ACGME-accredited residency program internal medicine, pediatrics and gynecology or other medical specialty.

Track 6: Pharmacogenetics

Pharmacogenetics is the study of inherited genetic differences in drug metabolic pathways which can affect individual responses towords the drugs, both in their terms of therapeutic effect as well as adverse effects. In oncology, pharmacogenetics historically is the study of germ line mutations (e.g., single-nucleotide polymorphisms affecting genes coding for liver enzymes responsible for drug deposition and pharmacokinetics), whereas pharmacogenomics refers to somatic mutations in tumoral DNA leading to alteration in drug response.

Track 7: Molecular Genetic Pathology

 Molecular genetic pathology is an emerging discipline within the pathology which is focused in the study and diagnosis of disease through examination of molecules within the organs, tissues or body fluids. A key consideration is more accurate diagnosis is possible when the diagnosis is based on both morphologic changes in tissues traditional anatomic pathology and on molecular testing. Molecular Genetic Pathology is commonly used in diagnosis of cancer and infectious diseases. Integration of "molecular pathology" and "epidemiology" led to interdisciplinary field, termed "molecular pathological epidemiology" (MPE), which represents integrative molecular biologic and population health science.

Track 8 : Gene Mapping

Genome mapping is to place a collection of molecular markers onto their respective positions on genome. Molecular markers come in all forms. Genes can be viewed as one special type of genetic markers in construction of genome maps, and the map is mapped the same way as any other markers. The quality of genetic maps is largely dependent upon the two factors, the number of genetic markers on the map and the size of the mapping population. The two factors are interlinked, and as larger mapping population could increase the "resolution" of the maps and prevent the map being "saturated".

Track 9 : Computational Genomics

Computational genomics refers to the use of computational and statistical analysis to decipher biology from genome sequences and related data, including both DNA and RNA sequence as well as other "post-genomic" data. This computational genomics is also known as Computational Genetics. These, in combination with computational and statistical approaches to understanding the function of the genes and statistical association analysis, this field is also often referred to as Computational and Statistical Genetics/genomics. As such, computational genomics may be regarded as a subset of bioinformatics and computational biology, but with a focus on using whole genomes rather than individual genes to understand the principles of how the DNA of a species controls its biology at the molecular level and beyond. With the current abundance of massive biological datasets, computational studies have become one of the most important means to biological discovery. The field is defined and includes foundations in the computer sciences, applied mathematics, animation, biochemistry, chemistry, biophysics, molecular genetics, neuroscience and visualization. Computational biology is different from biological computation, which is a subfield of computer engineering using bioengineering and biology to build computers, but is similar to bioinformatics.

Track 10 : Molecular Biotechnology

Molecular Biotechnology is the use of living systems and organisms to develop or to make products, or "any technological application that uses the biological systems, living organisms or derivatives , to make or modify products or processes for specific use. Depending on the tools and applications, it often overlaps with the related fields of bioengineering, biomedical engineering, bio manufacturing and  molecular engineering. Biotechnology also writes on the pure biological sciences animal cell culture, biochemistry, cell biology, embryology, genetics, microbiology, and molecular biology.

Track 11 : Genetic Transformation

Genetic Transformation is the genetic alteration of cell resulting from the direct uptake and incorporation of exogenous genetic material from its surroundings through the cell membrane. Transformation is one of three processes for horizontal gene transfer, in which exogenous genetic material passes from bacterium to another, the other two being conjugation transfer of genetic material between two bacterial cells in direct contact and Transduction injection of foreign DNA by a bacteriophage virus into the host bacterium. And about 80 species of bacteria were known to be capable of transformation, in 2014, about evenly divided between Gram-positive and Gram-negative Transformation" may also be used to describe the insertion of new genetic material into non-bacterial cells, including animal and plant cells.

Track 12 : Genetic Screening

Genetic screen is an experimental technique used to identify and select the individuals who possess a phenotype of interest in mutagenized population. A genetic screen is a type of phenotypic screen. Genetic screen can provide important information on gene function as well as the molecular events that underlie a biological process or pathway. While the genome projects have identified an extensive inventory of genes in many different organisms, genetic screens can provide valuable insight as to how those genes function.

Track 13 :  Regulation of Gene Expression

Regulation of Gene expression includes a wide range of mechanisms that are used by cells to increase or decrease the production of specific gene products (protein or RNA), and is informally termed gene regulation. Sophisticated programs of gene expression are widely observed in biology, Virtually any step of gene expression can be modulated, from transcriptional initiation, RNA processing, and  post-translational modification of a protein. Often, one gene regulator controls another in a gene regulatory network. Any step of gene expression may be modulated, from the DNA-RNA transcription step to post-translational modification of a protein.

Track 14: Cancer Gene Therapy

Cancer is an abnormal growth of cells the proximate cause of which is an imbalance in cell proliferation and death breaking-through the normal physiological checks and balances system and the ultimate cause of which are one or more of a variety of gene alterations. These alterations can be structural, e.g., mutations, insertions, deletions, amplifications, fusions and translocations, or functional (heritable changes without changes in nucleotide sequence). No single genomic change is found in all cancers and multiple changes (heterogeneity) are commonly found in each cancer generally independent of histology. In healthy adults, the immune system may recognize and kill the cancer cells or allow non-detrimental host-cancer equilibrium; unfortunately, cancer cells can sometimes escape the immune system resulting in expansion and spread of these cancer cells leading to serious life threatening disease. Approaches to cancer gene therapy include three main strategies: the insertion of a normal gene into cancer cells to replace a mutated (or otherwise altered) gene, genetic modification to silence a mutated gene, and genetic approaches to directly kill the cancer cells. Pathway C represents immunotherapy using altered immune cells. Another unique immunotherapy strategy facilitated by gene therapy is to directly alter the patient's immune system in order to sensitize it to the cancer cells. One approach uses mononuclear circulating blood cells or bone marrow gathered from the patient.

Track 14 :  Genetic Transplantation

Genetic Transplantation is the moving of an organ from one body to another or from a donor site to another location on the person's own body, to replace the recipient's damaged or absent organ. Organs and/or tissues that are transplanted within the same person's body are called auto grafts. Transplants that are recently performed between two subjects of the same species are called allografts. Allografts can either be from a living or cadaveric source Organs that can be transplanted are the heart, kidneys, liver, lungs, pancreas, intestine, and thymus. The kidneys are the most commonly transplanted organs, followed by the liver and then the heart.

Track 15 :  Cytogenetics

Cytogenetics is a branch of genetics that is concerned with  study of the structure and function of the cell, especially the chromosomes. It includes routine analysis of G-banded chromosomes, other cytogenetic banding techniques, as well as molecular cytogenetics such as fluorescent in suitable hybridization FISH and comparative genomic hybridization.